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Time trends in limited lung function among German middle-aged and older adults

Limited lung function represents a serious health impairment. However, studies investigating changes in limited lung function over time are rare. Thus, the current study investigates time-related changes in limited lung function and potential social inequalities. Data from the 2008 and 2017 waves of the population-based German Aging Survey were used in a repeated cross-sectional...

Data-driven energy landscape reveals critical genes in cancer progression

The evolution of cancer is a complex process characterized by stable states and transitions among them. Studying the dynamic evolution of cancer and revealing the mechanisms of cancer progression based on experimental data is an important topic. In this study, we aim to employ a data-driven energy landscape approach to analyze the dynamic evolution of cancer. We take Kidney renal...

Peculiarities of self-defense of a responsible nature in legal relations on transplantation

The purpose of this study is to determine the features of self-defense of a responsible nature in legal relations related to transplantation. The following conclusions were made: 1) in legal relations with transplantation, the patient is the recipient, and in autotransplantation, the donor is also; 2) the donor and the recipient have the right to apply and independently choose...

Computer simulation of a rotor creep

The issue of determining the stress-strain state during creep in models of rotors of steam and gas turbines is considered. The formulation of the problem is based on the general approach of Solid Mechanics using incremental theory to describe creep strains. The Finite Element Method was used as a solution method in the implementation of professional engineering software. The...

Mice with renal-specific alterations of stem cell-associated signaling develop symptoms of chronic kidney disease but surprisingly no tumors

Previously, we found that Wnt and Notch signaling govern stem cells of clear cell kidney cancer (ccRCC) in patients. To mimic stem cell responses in the normal kidney in vitro in a marker-unbiased fashion, we have established tubular organoids (tubuloids) from total single adult mouse kidney epithelial cells in Matrigel and serum-free conditions. Deep proteomic and...

Functionalized graphene-oxide grids enable high-resolution cryo-EM structures of the SNF2h-nucleosome complex without crosslinking

Single-particle cryo-EM is widely used to determine enzyme-nucleosome complex structures. However, cryo-EM sample preparation remains challenging and inconsistent due to complex denaturation at the air-water interface (AWI). Here, to address this issue, we develop graphene-oxide-coated EM grids functionalized with either single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or thiol-poly(acrylic acid-co...

Clinical characteristics of the “Gap” between the prevalence and incidence of hearing loss using National Health Insurance Service data

Objectives Hearing loss is the inability to hear speech or sounds well, owing to a number of causes. This study aimed to simultaneously determine the prevalence, incidence, and the Gap between them in hearing loss in South Korean patients at the same point in time as well as to identify patients who have not recovered from hearing loss. Methods We examined the prevalence and...

Multivariate canonical correlation analysis identifies additional genetic variants for chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney diseases (CKD) have genetic associations with kidney function. Univariate genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), two complementary kidney function markers. However, it is unknown whether additional SNPs for kidney...

Heat shock protein gp96 drives natural killer cell maturation and anti-tumor immunity by counteracting Trim28 to stabilize Eomes

The maturation process of natural killer (NK) cells, which is regulated by multiple transcription factors, determines their functionality, but few checkpoints specifically targeting this process have been thoroughly studied. Here we show that NK-specific deficiency of glucose-regulated protein 94 (gp96) leads to decreased maturation of NK cells in mice. These gp96-deficient NK...

Redescription of three fossil baleen whale skulls from the Miocene of Portugal reveals new cetotheriid phylogenetic insights

Cetotheriidae is a family of baleen whales that went nearly extinct during the Pleistocene (excluding Caperea marginata). For a long time, the Cetotheriidae family has been seen as a problematic clade, but in the past two decades there have been various studies trying to resolve the phylogeny of this group. In 1831, Alexandre Vandelli described three cetotheriid skulls, found...

Unravelling the skills of data scientists: A text mining analysis of Dutch university master programs in data science and artificial intelligence

The growing demand for data scientists in both the global and Dutch labour markets has led to an increase in data science and artificial intelligence (AI) master programs offered by universities. However, there is still a lack of clarity regarding the specific skills of data scientists. This study addresses this issue by employing Correlated Topic Modeling (CTM) to analyse the...

Strategy and operations in a war of exhaustion

The article assesses strategy and war in Ukraine in the light of Soviet strategic debates from 100 years ago. The aim is to question the viability of the strategic goal of overthrowing another state through military force. This is done within the framework of the classic debate on strategies of destruction and attrition from the 1880s to the 1920s. These debates will also help...

Synthesis of biologically active Shiga toxins in cell-free systems

Shiga toxins (Stx) produced by pathogenic bacteria can cause mild to severe diseases in humans. Thus, the analysis of such toxins is of utmost importance. As an AB5 toxin, Stx consist of a catalytic A-subunit acting as a ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) and a B-pentamer binding domain. In this study we synthesized the subunits and holotoxins from Stx and Stx2a using different...

Germline determinants of aberrant signaling pathways in cancer

Cancer is a complex disease influenced by a heterogeneous landscape of both germline genetic variants and somatic aberrations. While there is growing evidence suggesting an interplay between germline and somatic variants, and a substantial number of somatic aberrations in specific pathways are now recognized as hallmarks in many well-known forms of cancer, the interaction...

Reconfigurable optical logic in silicon platform

In this paper, we present a novel, scalable, and reconfigurable optical switch that performs multiple computational logic functions simultaneously. The free-carrier depletion effect is used to perform non-volatile switching operations due to its high speed and low power consumption. We adopt the concept of optical memory using a phase-change material to realize the non-volatile...

Electrostatic generator enhancements for powering IoT nodes via efficient energy management

Electrostatic generators show great potential for powering widely distributed electronic devices in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, a critical issue limiting such generators is their high impedance mismatch when coupled to electronics, which results in very low energy utilization efficiency. Here, we present a high-performance energy management unit (EMU) based on...

Enhancing electric vehicle charging performance through series-series topology resonance-coupled wireless power transfer

The current electric vehicles (EVs) market is experiencing significant expansion, underscoring the need to address challenges associated with the limited driving range of EVs. A primary focus in this context is the improvement of the wireless charging process. To contribute to this research area, this study introduces a circular spiral coil design that incorporates transceiver...

Optimizing protein delivery rate from silk fibroin hydrogel using silk fibroin-mimetic peptides conjugation

Controlled release of proteins, such as growth factors, from biocompatible silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel is valuable for its use in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and other biological systems. To achieve this, we introduced silk fibroin-mimetic peptides (SFMPs) with the repeating unit (GAGAGS)n. Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a model protein, our results showed that...

Implantable theranostic device for in vivo real-time NMR evaluation of drug impact in brain tumors

The evaluation of the efficacy of a drug is a fundamental step in the development of new treatments or in personalized therapeutic strategies and patient management. Ideally, this evaluation should be rapid, possibly in real time, easy to perform and reliable. In addition, it should be associated with as few adverse effects as possible for the patient. In this study, we present a...

Evaluating the potential of bioacoustics in avian migration research by citizen science and weather radar observations

The study of nocturnal bird migration brings observational challenges because of reduced visibility and observability of birds at night. Remote sensing tools, especially radars, have long been the preferred choice of scientists to study nocturnal migrations. A major downside of these remote sensing tools is the lack of species-level information. With technological advances in...

A comprehensive database of exosome molecular biomarkers and disease-gene associations

Exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication and can be used as biomarkers for diagnostic and therapeutic clinical applications. However, systematic studies in cancer-associated exosomal nucleic acids remain a big challenge. Here, we developed ExMdb, a comprehensive database of exosomal nucleic acid biomarkers and disease-gene associations curated from published...

Polypyrrole-wool composite with electrical heating properties fabricated via layer-by-layer method

This study presents the development of conductive polymer-textile composites with outstanding electric heating properties achieved through the in-situ polymerization of polypyrrole on wool-felt fabrics, renowned for their superior thermal insulation. Employing successive layer-by-layer (LBL) cycles facilitated precise control over the uniform deposition of polypyrrole with the...

A MODEL OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: SOCIAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS

The topic of the global governance model is relevant in the modern world in the context of various global challenges and problems. The growing globalization of the economy, politics, culture and other spheres of life creates a need to understand and improve governance models at the level of the world community. The article analyzes the changes in the model of geosociety...

Femoral anterior condyle height decreases as the distal anteroposterior size increases in total knee arthroplasty: A comparative study

Purpose The anterior flange height of the current femoral component increases with an increasing distal femoral anteroposterior dimension. During total knee arthroplasty (TKA), we have observed that a large femur may have a thinner anterior condyle, whereas a small femur may have a thicker anterior condyle. The first purpose of this study was to examine whether the femoral...

An analytical approach to engineer multistability in the oscillatory response of a pulse-driven ReRAM

A nonlinear system, exhibiting a unique asymptotic behaviour, while being continuously subject to a stimulus from a certain class, is said to suffer from fading memory. This interesting phenomenon was first uncovered in a non-volatile tantalum oxide-based memristor from Hewlett Packard Labs back in 2016 out of a deep numerical investigation of a predictive mathematical...

An aligned framework of actively collected and passively monitored clinical outcome assessments (COAs) for measure selection

Regulators increasingly require clinical outcome assessment (COA) data for approval. COAs can be collected via questionnaires or digital health technologies (DHTs), yet no single resource provides a side-by-side comparison of tools that collect complementary or related COA measures. We propose how to align ontologies for actively collected and passively monitored COAs into a...

Study of the antitumor activity of the combination baicalin and epigallocatechin gallate in a murine model of vincristine-resistant breast cancer

Background: Breast cancer is one of the primary causes of death in women worldwide. Yearly, a quarter of cancer cases in women are breast cancer. The problem is aggravated by the emergence of chemotherapeutic resistance. One of the practices to overcome this problem is using natural products along with chemotherapy. Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) is the main efficient catechin...

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